The Chinese match

The industrial history of matches

The match industry originated in Europe. In 1833, the world's first match factory was established in beria, Kalmar, Sweden.

In 1865, matches began to be imported into China and were called "foreign fire" or "spontaneous fire" at that time.

The manufacturing process of matches varies from species to species

Wood stalk match manufacturing can be roughly divided into stalk manufacturing, stalk processing, match drug head manufacturing, box manufacturing, packaging and brush phosphorus 5 parts.

(1) stem manufacturing: make match stem should choose loose texture, straight texture, flammable, no smell of wood. The common tree species is the poplar or tilia family, but pine or spruce can also be used. Pine wood is boiled to remove resin.

After selecting materials, logs are sawn into segments, bark is stripped, and continuous stalks of uniform thickness are rotated. The stalks are then cut into stalks of a certain size.

(2) stalk treatment: the stalk with concentration of about 1% phosphoric acid or ammonium phosphate solution immersion, known as anti-burning treatment, can avoid match burning embers fall. After being drained to remove the surface moisture, it is sent to the drying machine to dry, so that the moisture content of the stem is reduced to 6 ~ 8%. After drying, the stalk selection machine is selected to remove broken and residual branches and long strips and wide pieces, and select the stalk branches that meet the specifications.

(3) Match drug head manufacturing: qualified stem branches through the wind pipe or conveyor belt to the match automatic continuous machine, automatic stem management, stem, wax, medicine, drying and unloading process, that is, to complete the production of matches.

(4) Matchbox manufacturing: matchbox is divided into paper boxes and wooden boxes. The thickness of the carton is 0.4mm and the quantity is 300g/m2. The paper slitter cuts the original reel into different widths to meet the production needs of outer or inner boxes. After the inner and outer boxes are made separately, the boxes are set to become a whole. Wooden box selection of good material without scar section of wood, on the rotating box plate machine to spin out the inner box or outer box pieces with scratches, and then cut into boxes, paste through the box pasting machine, after drying box cover, labeling.

Packaging and brush phosphorus: matches and matchboxes in the packaging process. The box filling machine will put the matches into the box according to the specified number of matches neatly, then, the brush phosphorus machine on the side of the box brush phosphorus paste. Another type of phosphorus surface is printed on the side of the box when printing the logo, known as "printing phosphorus surface". The main components of phosphorus pulp are red phosphorus and adhesive. Traditional adhesives are leather adhesives, but synthetic adhesives are also used. After drying, the wrapping machine will be every 10 boxes of matches sealed into small packets, into the box (small box 100 packets, known as "pieces"; Large case of 200 bales, called "double pieces") is the finished product.

Wax stalk match manufacturing Wax stalk manufacturing has two ways: one is to pull molding, the other is extrusion molding. Must go through the base paper cutting, dipping wax, molding, cooling and cutting processes. It uses quantitative 40 ~ 45g/m2 of roll glossy paper as raw material, cut into a width of 20 ~ 25mm of paper, through the forming mold or forming wheel in the temperature of 120℃ or so melted paraffin to form a round or Square-empty-perfume-oil-bottle-glass-p.html target='_blank'>Square section of the stem, after cooling by cold water or cold air after shaping cut into stalks. Wax pedicel specifications are generally 28 ~ 38mm long, round pedicel diameter is 1.5mm, Square pedicel section is 1.6×1.6mm.

The manufacture of match medicine head is the same as that of wood stalk matches, which is made into matches on the common match continuous machine through managing the stalks and dipping the medicine. But you don't need to wax it before you apply it. The binding fastness of wax stem and drug head is poor, so the wax layer on the end of stem branch (drug sticking place) should be removed by pretreatment before the paste is dipped, and the paper layer should be loosened slightly to increase the bonding strength of drug head and drug head. The drying of the cartridge head is carried out at a lower temperature (20 ~ 40℃) to avoid paraffin melting in the stalk.

Paper stem book type match manufacturing is divided into three parts: making stem (commonly known as match comb), making cover and binding. In order to prevent the smouldering of the remaining branches after the paper stalk burning out, the paper used for making the stalk should be treated with anti-burning. This treatment is in the final process of paper production process, that is, when the paper billet through the final stage of the dryer, 5% of diammonium phosphate aqueous solution evenly Sprayed on the board, and then after drying, the moisture content should be maintained at about 8%.

The match comb automatic continuous machine (CM machine) is used to finish stalk making and drug dipping head automatically. Use the PM machine to coat the cover paper with phosphorus layer, and then cut it into strips longitudinally and laterally for packaging after drying in the drying tower. The match comb and the cover are combined in the binding machine (AM machine), the match comb is cut on the machine, and the cover is folded and bound into a book, which is the finished product.